Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Following Treatment with 10 mg/kg of Single Dose AmBisome for Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bihar, India
Roshan Kamal Topno *
Department of Epidemiology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Manas Ranjan Dikhit
Department of Bioinformatics, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Maneesh Kumar
Department of Virology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
. Madhukar
Department of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Kanhaiya Agrawal
Department of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Vahab Ali
Department of Molecular Biochemistry, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Ganesh Chandra Sahoo
Department of Bioinformatics, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Rajeev Kumar
Department of Community Medicine, Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Sanjay Sinha
Department of Bio-Statistics, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Rishikesh Kumar
Department of Virology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
. Bhawana
Department of Virology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Krishna Pandey
Department of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
V. N. R. Das
Department of Clinical Medicine, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
Pradeep Das
Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Agamkuan, Patna-800007, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In view of the significant role of Post kala-azar dermal Leishmaniasis (PKDL) patients in the transmission/recurrence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) outbreaks, control of PKDL is among the priorities. As the Single Dose AmBisome 10 mg/kg (SDA) became the obvious choice for the treatment of VL, therefore, in this study, 896 patients were included to explore the probability of developing PKDL. Among the treated patients, 30 (3.35%) of them found confirmed as PKDL with clinical symptoms. Out of the 30 patients, 53.33% male and 46.67% female patients had macular lesions respectively, with a median time (Interquartile range [IQR]) to development of 13.5 (9–23.5) and 23 (9-17) months following treatment. No, significant associations were established concerning any patient's demographics and clinical characteristics. However, with the patients presenting with confirmed PKDL, females were significantly younger than males. This study suggests the rate of PKDL appearance is directly associated with 10 mg/kg of SDA and therefore there is a need for more concerns regarding doses during treatment.
Keywords: Single dose AmBisome, visceral leishmaniasis, PKDL, SDA.